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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4320 Steel

Both ASTM grade HK steel and SAE-AISI 4320 steel are iron alloys. They have 55% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
160 to 240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
21 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
570 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
430 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
3.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
480 to 560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
20 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.17 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0.4 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
95.8 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040