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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. C94500 Bronze

ASTM grade HK steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C94500 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is C94500 bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
50
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
92
Elongation at Break, % 11
12
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.36
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
34
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
170
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
83

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
160
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
130
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
940
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
800
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
330
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
20

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
10
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
9.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
30
Density, g/cm3 7.8
9.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
51
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
380

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
17
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
37
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
5.5
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
16
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
5.2
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
7.4
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
6.7

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.8
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
66.7 to 78
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
0 to 0.15
Lead (Pb), % 0
16 to 22
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.080
Tin (Sn), % 0
6.0 to 8.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 1.2