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ASTM Grade HN Steel vs. AZ91B Magnesium

ASTM grade HN steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ91B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HN steel and the bottom bar is AZ91B magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
63
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
46
Elongation at Break, % 9.0
5.0
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
18
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
360
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1080
130
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
990
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 13
73
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
26

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 26
12
Density, g/cm3 7.9
1.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.6
22
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 66
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
990

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
69
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
49
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.5
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
8.3 to 9.7
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 19 to 23
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 44.9 to 57.8
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
87.9 to 91.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.13 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 23 to 27
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.35 to 1.0