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ASTM Grade HN Steel vs. Automotive Malleable Cast Iron

Both ASTM grade HN steel and automotive malleable cast iron are iron alloys. They have 53% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HN steel and the bottom bar is automotive malleable cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
130 to 290
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
180
Elongation at Break, % 9.0
1.0 to 10
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
70
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
350 to 720

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 13
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 26
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.6
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 66
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
45

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
13 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
14 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.5
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
9.9 to 21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
2.2 to 2.9
Chromium (Cr), % 19 to 23
0
Iron (Fe), % 44.9 to 57.8
93.6 to 96.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 1.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 23 to 27
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0.020 to 0.15
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.9 to 1.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0.020 to 0.2