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ASTM Grade HP Steel vs. Automotive Malleable Cast Iron

Both ASTM grade HP steel and automotive malleable cast iron are iron alloys. They have a modest 39% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HP steel and the bottom bar is automotive malleable cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
130 to 290
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
180
Elongation at Break, % 5.1
1.0 to 10
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
70
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
350 to 720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260
220 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1370
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1330
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 12
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 34
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 5.8
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 82
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 220
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 21
6.8 to 30
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170
130 to 950
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
13 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
14 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.2
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
9.9 to 21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.35 to 0.75
2.2 to 2.9
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Iron (Fe), % 29.2 to 42.7
93.6 to 96.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 1.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 33 to 37
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0.020 to 0.15
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.5
0.9 to 1.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0.020 to 0.2