ASTM Grade HP Steel vs. C18400 Copper
ASTM grade HP steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C18400 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HP steel and the bottom bar is C18400 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.1 | |
| 13 to 50 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 78 | |
| 44 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 490 | |
| 270 to 490 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 | |
| 110 to 480 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 210 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1100 | |
| 200 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1080 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1330 | |
| 1070 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 12 | |
| 320 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 16 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 34 | |
| 31 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 8.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 5.8 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 82 | |
| 41 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 220 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 21 | |
| 63 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 170 | |
| 54 to 980 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 7.3 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 | |
| 8.5 to 15 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 | |
| 10 to 16 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.2 | |
| 94 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 9.6 to 17 |
Alloy Composition
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| Arsenic (As), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Calcium (Ca), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.35 to 0.75 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 24 to 28 | |
| 0.4 to 1.2 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 97.2 to 99.6 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 29.2 to 42.7 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Lithium (Li), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 33 to 37 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.5 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |