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AWS E308 vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both AWS E308 and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E308 and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 40
14
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620
1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1420
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 46
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
51

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 21
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Iron (Fe), % 62.9 to 72.5
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 11
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3