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AWS E309 vs. Grade VDC Steel

Both AWS E309 and grade VDC steel are iron alloys. They have 62% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E309 and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620
1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
60
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
50

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 25
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 55.8 to 65.5
98.3 to 99.35
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0.5 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 14
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020