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AWS E309 vs. SAE-AISI 4340 Steel

Both AWS E309 and SAE-AISI 4340 steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E309 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34
12 to 22
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620
690 to 1280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
53

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
24 to 45
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
22 to 33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
20 to 38

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 25
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Iron (Fe), % 55.8 to 65.5
95.1 to 96.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 14
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040