AZ31B Magnesium vs. SAE-AISI 81B45 Steel
AZ31B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 81B45 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ31B magnesium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 81B45 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 45 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.6 to 12 | |
| 12 to 24 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 100 to 120 | |
| 250 to 350 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 17 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 130 to 160 | |
| 340 to 400 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 240 to 270 | |
| 540 to 670 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 120 to 180 | |
| 350 to 560 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 350 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 150 | |
| 410 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 600 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 600 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 990 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 100 | |
| 40 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 26 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 18 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 95 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 12 | |
| 2.3 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 1.7 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 23 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 160 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 970 | |
| 49 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 13 to 25 | |
| 77 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 170 to 370 | |
| 320 to 840 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 70 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 39 to 44 | |
| 19 to 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 50 to 55 | |
| 19 to 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 62 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 16 | |
| 17 to 21 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.4 to 3.6 | |
| 0 |
| Boron (B), % | 0 | |
| 0.00050 to 0.0030 |
| Calcium (Ca), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.43 to 0.48 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0.35 to 0.55 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 97 to 98 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 93.6 to 97.1 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.050 to 1.0 | |
| 0.75 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.080 to 0.15 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0.5 to 1.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |