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AZ91A Magnesium vs. ASTM A227 Spring Steel

AZ91A magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while ASTM A227 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ91A magnesium and the bottom bar is ASTM A227 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 63
500 to 640
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 46
190
Elongation at Break, % 5.0
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 99
900 to 1160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 18
72
Shear Strength, MPa 140
1030 to 1330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240
1720 to 2220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 160
1430 to 1850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 360
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 130
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 470
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 990
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 73
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 26
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 10
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 52
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
1.8
Density, g/cm3 1.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 22
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 990
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 11
200 to 260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 69
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 38
61 to 79
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 49
41 to 48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 42
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
55 to 71

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 8.3 to 9.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.45 to 0.85
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0
97.4 to 99.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 88.2 to 91.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.13 to 0.5
0.3 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.030
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0.35 to 1.0
0