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AZ91B Magnesium vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

AZ91B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while ASTM A321 carbon steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ91B magnesium and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 63
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 46
190
Elongation at Break, % 5.0
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 79
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 18
73
Shear Strength, MPa 140
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 160
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 360
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 130
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 470
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 990
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 73
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 26
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 11
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 58
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
1.8
Density, g/cm3 1.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 22
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 990
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 11
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 280
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 69
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 38
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 49
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 42
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 8.3 to 9.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.55
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.35
0
Iron (Fe), % 0
98.1 to 99.25
Magnesium (Mg), % 87.9 to 91.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.13 to 0.5
0.6 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.030
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0.35 to 1.0
0