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AZ91D Magnesium vs. ACI-ASTM CG8M Steel

AZ91D magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CG8M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ91D magnesium and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CG8M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 60 to 80
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 46
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.3 to 4.5
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 74 to 85
280
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy, J 2.7
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 18
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 160 to 220
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 80 to 130
300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 350
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 130
1020
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 490
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 990
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 78
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 27
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 11
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 58
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
20
Density, g/cm3 1.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 22
4.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
56
Embodied Water, L/kg 990
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 4.2 to 7.7
210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 69 to 170
220
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 69
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 34
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 46
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 45
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.5 to 13
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 8.3 to 9.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.030
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.0050
58.8 to 70
Magnesium (Mg), % 88.7 to 91.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.5
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.0020
9.0 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0.35 to 1.0
0