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AZ91D Magnesium vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21L Class 1

AZ91D magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 21L class 1 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ91D magnesium and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21L class 1.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 60 to 80
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 46
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.3 to 4.5
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 74 to 85
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 18
74
Shear Strength, MPa 120 to 140
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 160 to 220
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 80 to 130
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 350
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 130
480
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 490
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 990
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 78
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 27
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 11
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 58
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
4.1
Density, g/cm3 1.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 22
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 990
62

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 4.2 to 7.7
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 69 to 170
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 69
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 34
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 46
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 45
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.5 to 13
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 8.3 to 9.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
2.8 to 3.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.030
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.0050
94.4 to 96.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 88.7 to 91.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.5
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.0020
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.025
Zinc (Zn), % 0.35 to 1.0
0