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Austempered Cast Iron vs. Grade VDC Steel

Both austempered cast iron and grade VDC steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 93% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is austempered cast iron and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 270 to 490
510
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 180
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 62 to 69
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 860 to 1800
1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1380
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1340
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 42
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.9
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 25
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32 to 66
60
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 44
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 53
50

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0 to 0.050
0
Arsenic (As), % 0 to 0.020
0
Carbon (C), % 3.4 to 3.8
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.8
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 89.6 to 94
98.3 to 99.35
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.040
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.4
0.5 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Selenium (Se), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 2.3 to 2.7
0.15 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.020
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.020
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.1
0