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Automotive Grey Cast Iron vs. AZ91B Magnesium

Automotive grey cast iron belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ91B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is automotive grey cast iron and the bottom bar is AZ91B magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 280
63
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 180
46
Elongation at Break, % 9.6 to 14
5.0
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 69 to 70
18
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 140 to 290
240
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 94 to 200
160

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260 to 280
360
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1380 to 1390
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1340 to 1350
470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
990
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41 to 43
73
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12 to 14
26

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4 to 7.6
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8 to 9.1
58

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9 to 3.0
12
Density, g/cm3 7.5 to 7.6
1.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.7
22
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21 to 24
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 44 to 51
990

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 18 to 25
11
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 25 to 110
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
69
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 5.2 to 11
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 8.0 to 13
49
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11 to 12
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 4.2 to 8.6
14