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Automotive Malleable Cast Iron vs. Grey Cast Iron

Both automotive malleable cast iron and grey cast iron are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is automotive malleable cast iron and the bottom bar is grey cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 290
160 to 300
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 180
180
Elongation at Break, % 1.0 to 10
9.6
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 70
69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 350 to 720
160 to 450
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 590
98 to 290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1180
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.7
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.6
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
44

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.8 to 30
13 to 37
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 950
27 to 240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 26
5.8 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 24
8.7 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.9 to 21
6.0 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.2 to 2.9
3.1 to 3.4
Iron (Fe), % 93.6 to 96.7
92.1 to 93.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 1.3
0.5 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0.020 to 0.15
0 to 0.9
Silicon (Si), % 0.9 to 1.9
2.5 to 2.8
Sulfur (S), % 0.020 to 0.2
0 to 0.15