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Automotive Malleable Cast Iron vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both automotive malleable cast iron and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is automotive malleable cast iron and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 290
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 180
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.0 to 10
6.0
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 70
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 350 to 720
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 590
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.7
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
55

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.8 to 30
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 950
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 26
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 24
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.9 to 21
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.2 to 2.9
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 93.6 to 96.7
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 1.3
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0.020 to 0.15
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0.9 to 1.9
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0.020 to 0.2
0 to 0.012
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1