Automotive Malleable Cast Iron vs. Type 4 Niobium
Automotive malleable cast iron belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is automotive malleable cast iron and the bottom bar is Type 4 niobium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 130 to 290 | |
| 120 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 180 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 1.0 to 10 | |
| 23 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.4 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 70 | |
| 38 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 350 to 720 | |
| 220 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 220 to 590 | |
| 140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 310 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 270 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 7.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.6 | |
| 8.6 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 45 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 6.8 to 30 | |
| 44 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 130 to 950 | |
| 93 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 6.8 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 13 to 26 | |
| 7.2 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 14 to 24 | |
| 9.5 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.9 to 21 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 2.2 to 2.9 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 93.6 to 96.7 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.15 to 1.3 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 98.1 to 99.2 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.020 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.9 to 1.9 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.020 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |