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Automotive Malleable Cast Iron vs. S21900 Stainless Steel

Both automotive malleable cast iron and S21900 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is automotive malleable cast iron and the bottom bar is S21900 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 290
220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 180
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.0 to 10
50
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 70
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 350 to 720
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 590
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.7
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
15
Density, g/cm3 7.6
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.8 to 30
300
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 950
380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 26
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 24
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.9 to 21
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.2 to 2.9
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
19 to 21.5
Iron (Fe), % 93.6 to 96.7
59.4 to 67.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 1.3
8.0 to 10
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 7.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0.020 to 0.15
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.9 to 1.9
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0.020 to 0.2
0 to 0.030