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EN 1.0434 Steel vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

Both EN 1.0434 steel and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.0434 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110 to 160
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 28
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 300
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 64 to 74
39
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 280 to 330
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390 to 540
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 250 to 450
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 39 to 140
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170 to 540
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 14 to 19
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 19
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 17
21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.020 to 0.060
0
Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.19
0 to 0.55
Iron (Fe), % 98.8 to 99.18
98.1 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.85
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.1
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.050