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EN 1.0451 Steel vs. EN 1.0406 Steel

Both EN 1.0451 steel and EN 1.0406 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the normalized condition. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.0451 steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.0406 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 27
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180
170
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy, J 62
28
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 270
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98
89
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.020 to 0.060
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.22 to 0.29
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.4
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 97.2 to 99.58
97.6 to 99.38
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0.4 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.4
Niobium (Nb), % 0 to 0.010
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.35
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.045
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.040
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.020
0