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EN 1.0488 Steel vs. EN 1.0451 Steel

Both EN 1.0488 steel and EN 1.0451 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the normalized condition. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.0488 steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.0451 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130
120
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 27
27
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210
180
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy, J 79
62
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 280
270
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 440
420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
48

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 200
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.020 to 0.024
0.020 to 0.060
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.16
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 96.6 to 99.38
97.2 to 99.58
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 1.5
0.4 to 1.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.080
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.3
Niobium (Nb), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.010
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.012
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.0080
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020