EN 1.4378 Stainless Steel vs. 3004 Aluminum
EN 1.4378 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 3004 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4378 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 3004 aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 190 to 340 | |
| 45 to 83 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 70 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 to 34 | |
| 1.1 to 19 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 340 to 550 | |
| 55 to 120 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 26 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 510 to 680 | |
| 100 to 180 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 760 to 1130 | |
| 170 to 310 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 to 970 | |
| 68 to 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 290 | |
| 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 910 | |
| 180 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 650 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1350 | |
| 630 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 900 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 24 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 12 | |
| 9.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.6 | |
| 2.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.7 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 39 | |
| 150 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 150 | |
| 1180 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 150 to 220 | |
| 3.2 to 27 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 470 to 2370 | |
| 33 to 540 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 28 to 41 | |
| 18 to 31 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 31 | |
| 25 to 37 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 to 23 | |
| 7.6 to 13 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 95.6 to 98.2 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 17 to 19 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 61.2 to 69 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 11.5 to 14.5 | |
| 1.0 to 1.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 2.3 to 3.7 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0.2 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.060 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |