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EN 1.4521 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both EN 1.4521 stainless steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4521 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Shear Strength, MPa 330
1080
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 520
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 340
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 930
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 23
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 39
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 130
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.2
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.025
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 20
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 74.6 to 81.1
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 1.8 to 2.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.8
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3