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EN 1.4581 Stainless Steel vs. EN 1.4409 Stainless Steel

Both EN 1.4581 stainless steel and EN 1.4409 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the solution annealed (AT) condition. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4581 stainless steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4409 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 28
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
180
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy, J 45
90
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 210
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
300
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 490
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 990
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 21
19
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.2
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 59
52
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 26
28
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
11

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.070
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
18 to 20
Iron (Fe), % 61.4 to 71
61.7 to 71
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 2.0 to 2.5
2.0 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
9.0 to 12
Niobium (Nb), % 0 to 1.0
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.025