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EN 1.4971 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

Both EN 1.4971 stainless steel and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. They have a modest 32% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4971 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 240
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 210
190
Elongation at Break, % 34
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 81
73
Shear Strength, MPa 530
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 800
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 340
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 450
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 13
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 70
1.8
Density, g/cm3 8.4
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.6
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 110
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 300
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 220
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 280
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.4
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.080 to 0.16
0 to 0.55
Chromium (Cr), % 20 to 22.5
0
Cobalt (Co), % 18.5 to 21
0
Iron (Fe), % 24.3 to 37.1
98.1 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 2.5 to 3.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 19 to 21
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0.75 to 1.3
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.1 to 0.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.050
Tungsten (W), % 2.0 to 3.0
0