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EN 1.7221 Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both EN 1.7221 steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.7221 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 230
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 17
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290 to 390
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 780
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 630
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83 to 98
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 27
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 24
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 23
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.22 to 0.29
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 98.3
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.8
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3