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EN AC-44400 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1039 Steel

EN AC-44400 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1039 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN AC-44400 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1039 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 61
180 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.1
14 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 79
230 to 370
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210
610 to 690
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110
340 to 580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 590
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 33
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1080
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 7.3
88 to 94
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 85
310 to 890
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 54
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23
22 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 60
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.8
19 to 22

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 87.1 to 92
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.37 to 0.44
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.65
98.5 to 98.9
Lead (Pb), % 0 to 0.050
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.7 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.050
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 8.0 to 11
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.15
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0