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EN AC-45400 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel

EN AC-45400 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN AC-45400 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.7
8.4 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55
310 to 920
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 260
760 to 2060
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 130
470 to 1540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 470
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 30
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 95
5.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
8.0
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 1100
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 14
100 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 49
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
27 to 75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 32
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 54
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 88.4 to 92.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
2.1 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 2.6 to 3.6
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.6
80.6 to 86.3
Lead (Pb), % 0 to 0.1
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 4.5 to 6.0
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0