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Engineering Porcelain vs. Synthetic Sapphire

Both engineering porcelain and synthetic sapphire are oxide-based engineering ceramics. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is engineering porcelain and the bottom bar is synthetic sapphire.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Compressive (Crushing) Strength, MPa 590
2700
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 67 to 150
450
Flexural Strength, MPa 43 to 160
1090
Fracture Toughness, MPa-m1/2 2.0
1.9
Knoop Hardness 600
1860
Poisson's Ratio 0.17
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 34
150
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 130
2470

Thermal Properties

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1170
2000
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 600 to 1000
760
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 1.8 to 6.5
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 2.0 to 6.6
5.3

Electrical Properties

Dielectric Constant (Relative Permittivity) At 1 MHz 6.5
10
Dielectric Strength (Breakdown Potential), kV/mm 11 to 25
9.9
Electrical Resistivity Order of Magnitude, 10x Ω-m 9.0 to 12
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 2.3 to 3.0
4.0

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 29
63
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 49 to 65
64
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 16
170
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 25
100
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 0.73 to 3.9
9.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 53
74