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Grade 16 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI M34 Steel

Grade 16 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI M34 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 16 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M34 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 38
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 400
800 to 2170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1540
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1500
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 22
24
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.2
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 36
9.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 600
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 230
150

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
27 to 74
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27
23 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.9
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 29
25 to 67

Alloy Composition


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Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.85 to 0.92
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.5 to 4.0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
7.8 to 8.8
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
71.3 to 76.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
7.8 to 9.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.25
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 98.8 to 99.96
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.4 to 2.1
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.9 to 2.3
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0