Grade 18 Titanium vs. 2024 Aluminum
Grade 18 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while 2024 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 18 titanium and the bottom bar is 2024 aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 71 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 4.0 to 16 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 330 to 480 | |
| 90 to 180 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 27 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 to 590 | |
| 130 to 320 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 980 | |
| 200 to 540 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 810 | |
| 100 to 490 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 200 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 500 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 880 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.3 | |
| 120 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.9 | |
| 23 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.3 | |
| 30 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.7 | |
| 90 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 3.0 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 41 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 670 | |
| 150 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 270 | |
| 1140 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 87 to 110 | |
| 20 to 68 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1380 to 3110 | |
| 70 to 1680 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 46 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 61 | |
| 18 to 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 49 | |
| 25 to 49 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 47 to 67 | |
| 8.6 to 24 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 90.7 to 94.7 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 3.8 to 4.9 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 1.2 to 1.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.9 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.5 to 95.5 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |