Grade 20 Titanium vs. ASTM A387 Grade 5 Steel
Grade 20 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 5 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 20 titanium and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 5 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.7 to 17 | |
| 20 to 21 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 550 to 630 | |
| 160 to 240 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 47 | |
| 74 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 560 to 740 | |
| 310 to 380 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 900 to 1270 | |
| 500 to 600 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 to 1190 | |
| 230 to 350 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | |
| 260 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 370 | |
| 510 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1600 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 520 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.6 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.0 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 52 | |
| 1.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 860 | |
| 23 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 350 | |
| 69 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 71 to 150 | |
| 83 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2940 to 5760 | |
| 140 to 320 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 33 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 50 to 70 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 to 52 | |
| 18 to 20 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 55 to 77 | |
| 14 to 17 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 3.0 to 4.0 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| 4.0 to 6.0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 92.1 to 95.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.6 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0.45 to 0.65 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.12 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 71 to 77 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 7.5 to 8.5 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |