Grade 20 Titanium vs. ASTM A414 Steel
Grade 20 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while ASTM A414 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 20 titanium and the bottom bar is ASTM A414 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.7 to 17 | |
| 15 to 26 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 550 to 630 | |
| 140 to 260 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 47 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 560 to 740 | |
| 230 to 370 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 900 to 1270 | |
| 360 to 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 to 1190 | |
| 190 to 350 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 370 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1600 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 520 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.6 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.0 | |
| 7.8 to 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 52 | |
| 1.5 to 1.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 860 | |
| 20 to 22 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 350 | |
| 48 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 71 to 150 | |
| 69 to 130 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2940 to 5760 | |
| 100 to 330 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 33 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 50 to 70 | |
| 13 to 21 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 to 52 | |
| 14 to 20 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 55 to 77 | |
| 11 to 17 |