Grade 20 (R58645) Titanium
Grade 20 titanium is a titanium alloy formulated for primary forming into wrought products. R58645 is the UNS number for this material. Additionally, the ASTM designation is Titanium Grade 20.
It has a fairly high embodied energy among wrought titaniums. In addition, it has a moderately low heat capacity and a moderately high density.
The properties of grade 20 titanium include three common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare grade 20 titanium to: wrought titaniums (top), all titanium alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
120 GPa 18 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
5.7 to 17 %
Fatigue Strength
550 to 630 MPa 79 to 91 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.32
Reduction in Area
23 %
Shear Modulus
47 GPa 6.8 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
560 to 740 MPa 81 to 110 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
900 to 1270 MPa 130 to 180 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
850 to 1190 MPa 120 to 170 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
400 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
370 °C 700 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1660 °C 3020 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1600 °C 2920 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
520 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Expansion
9.6 µm/m-K
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Density
5.0 g/cm3 310 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
52 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
860 MJ/kg 370 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
350 L/kg 41 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
71 to 150 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
2940 to 5760 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
33 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
50 to 70 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
41 to 52 points
Thermal Shock Resistance
55 to 77 points
Alloy Composition
| Ti | 71 to 77 | |
| V | 7.5 to 8.5 | |
| Cr | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| Mo | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Zr | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Al | 3.0 to 4.0 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.3 | |
| O | 0 to 0.12 | |
| Pd | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| C | 0 to 0.050 | |
| N | 0 to 0.030 | |
| H | 0 to 0.020 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.4 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM B861: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe
ASTM B381: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings
ASTM B265: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate
ASTM B348: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
Titanium and Titanium Alloys: Fundamentals and Applications, Christoph Leyens and Manfred Peters (editors), 2003
Titanium, 2nd ed., G. Lutjering and J. C. Williams, 2007
Aerospace Materials, Brian Cantor et al. (editors), 2001
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015