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Grade 21 Titanium vs. S38100 Stainless Steel

Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while S38100 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is S38100 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 140
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.0 to 17
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 550 to 660
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 51
76
Shear Strength, MPa 550 to 790
400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1340
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 870 to 1170
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 310
970
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1740
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1690
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 500
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 7.5
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 7.1
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 60
20
Density, g/cm3 5.4
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 32
3.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 490
54
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 180
210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2760 to 5010
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 32
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 69
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 50
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 2.8
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 66 to 100
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 2.5 to 3.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17 to 19
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
57.9 to 64
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 14 to 16
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Niobium (Nb), % 2.2 to 3.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.17
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.25
1.5 to 2.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 76 to 81.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0