Grade 28 Titanium vs. ASTM A148 Cast Steel
Grade 28 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while ASTM A148 cast steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 28 titanium and the bottom bar is ASTM A148 cast steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 5.7 to 25 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 330 to 480 | |
| 280 to 670 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 22 | |
| 13 to 45 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 980 | |
| 630 to 1300 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 810 | |
| 390 to 1160 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 400 to 430 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.3 | |
| 37 to 47 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.9 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.3 | |
| 7.3 to 7.5 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.7 | |
| 8.3 to 8.6 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 2.3 to 3.3 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 37 | |
| 1.5 to 1.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 20 to 22 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 370 | |
| 48 to 53 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 87 to 110 | |
| 71 to 150 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1370 to 3100 | |
| 400 to 3570 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 61 | |
| 22 to 46 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 49 | |
| 21 to 34 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 9.9 to 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 47 to 66 | |
| 18 to 38 |