Grade 9 Titanium vs. EN 1.4104 Stainless Steel
Grade 9 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.4104 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 9 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.4104 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 11 to 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 330 to 480 | |
| 230 to 310 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 430 to 580 | |
| 400 to 450 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 700 to 960 | |
| 630 to 750 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 830 | |
| 350 to 560 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 860 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 1390 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.1 | |
| 25 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.1 | |
| 10 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.4 | |
| 2.5 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.7 | |
| 2.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 37 | |
| 8.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 2.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 580 | |
| 30 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 150 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 89 to 110 | |
| 77 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1380 to 3220 | |
| 310 to 800 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 60 | |
| 23 to 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 48 | |
| 21 to 24 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.3 | |
| 6.7 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 52 to 71 | |
| 22 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.1 to 0.17 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 15.5 to 17.5 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 78.8 to 84.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.6 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.6 to 95.5 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |