Grade C-3 Titanium vs. Grade C-5 Titanium
Both grade C-3 titanium and grade C-5 titanium are titanium alloys. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. They have 90% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade C-3 titanium and the bottom bar is grade C-5 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 | |
| 310 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 13 | |
| 6.7 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 260 | |
| 510 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.32 |
| Rockwell C Hardness | 21 | |
| 34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 40 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 1000 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 | |
| 940 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 320 | |
| 340 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1610 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1560 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 560 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 21 | |
| 7.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.7 | |
| 9.6 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 3.5 | |
| 1.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 6.9 | |
| 2.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 37 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 4.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 31 | |
| 38 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 510 | |
| 610 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 110 | |
| 200 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 65 | |
| 66 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 880 | |
| 4200 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 31 | |
| 63 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 31 | |
| 50 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.5 | |
| 2.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 39 | |
| 71 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 5.5 to 6.8 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 98.8 to 100 | |
| 87.5 to 91 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |