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Grade FDC Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both grade FDC steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade FDC steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 510
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 42
46
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1680
1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
51

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.12
0
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 99.4
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.2
0.7 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3