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Grade VDC Steel vs. ACI-ASTM CK20 Steel

Both grade VDC steel and ACI-ASTM CK20 steel are iron alloys. They have 54% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CK20 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 510
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
15

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
25
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
4.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
62
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
190

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
23 to 27
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
46.7 to 58
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
19 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040