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Grade VDC Steel vs. AISI 431 Stainless Steel

Both grade VDC steel and AISI 431 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is AISI 431 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 510
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
890 to 1380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
850
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
120

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
32 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
27 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
7.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
28 to 43

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
15 to 17
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
78.2 to 83.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.3 to 2.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030