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Grade VDC Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel

Both grade VDC steel and ASTM A387 grade 12 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 510
140 to 160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
470 to 520

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
2.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
51

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
16 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
17 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0.050 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0.8 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
97 to 98.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0.4 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.025