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Grade VDC Steel vs. Austempered Cast Iron

Both grade VDC steel and austempered cast iron are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 93% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is austempered cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 510
270 to 490
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
62 to 69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
860 to 1800

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
42
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
2.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
25
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
48

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
32 to 66
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
27 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
25 to 53

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.050
Arsenic (As), % 0
0 to 0.020
Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
3.4 to 3.8
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.8
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
89.6 to 94
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.040
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0.3 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Selenium (Se), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
2.3 to 2.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.020
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.1