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Grade VDC Steel vs. EN 2.4665 Nickel

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4665 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4665 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
81
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
1.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
55
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
9.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
270

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.5
Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.010
Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
20.5 to 23
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0.5 to 2.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
17 to 20
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
8.0 to 10
Nickel (Ni), % 0
40.3 to 53.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.015
Tungsten (W), % 0
0.2 to 1.0