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Grade VDC Steel vs. CC496K Bronze

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CC496K bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is CC496K bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 510
72
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
97
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.35
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
36
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
170
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
140
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
900
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
820
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
340
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
19

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
9.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
52
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
380

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
5.9
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
17
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
6.5
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
8.6
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
8.1

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.010
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.5
Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
72 to 79.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0 to 0.25
Lead (Pb), % 0
13 to 17
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 0.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.5 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.1
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 0.010
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.1
Tin (Sn), % 0
6.0 to 8.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 2.0