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Grade VDC Steel vs. Grade CW2M Nickel

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade CW2M nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is grade CW2M nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
83
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
960
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1520
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1460
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
430
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
70
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
12
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
170
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
290

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
15 to 17.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0 to 2.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
15 to 17.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
60.1 to 70
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
0 to 1.0