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Grade VDC Steel vs. Grade CY40 Nickel

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade CY40 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is grade CY40 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
960
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1350
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1300
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
1.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
55
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
260

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
14 to 17
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
0
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0 to 11
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
67 to 86
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 3.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030