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Grade VDC Steel vs. Grade M35-2 Nickel

Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade M35-2 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is grade M35-2 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
62
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
900
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1280
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1230
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
430
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
22
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
3.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
55
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
250

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
10
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
5.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.35
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.060
26 to 33
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 99.35
0 to 3.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
59.1 to 74
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030